Digital Divide: It is the gap of
imbalance of the people, households, business and geographical area who use
computer and internet and the people, households, business and geographical
area who do not use computer and internet.
Many things such as differences in income, education,
geographical location, development, infrastructure, policy of the government,
comfort levels with technology are contributing factors to create digital
divide by making the separation between those with access to technology
resources and those without.
Digital divide is the
problem that has been created due to unbalance economic status in the society
and if the government does not take appropriate policy it will be widen day by
day and may cause a huge problem in coming days.
Digital divide effects
the modern society
1.
Economic imbalance
2.
Communication gap
3.
Physical barriers
4.
Lack of awareness about information and technology.
Computer Crime: It is the illegal use
of a computer by an unauthorized individual, either for pleasure such as by a
computer hacker or for profit as by thief. Thus it refers to any crime such as
tampering, physical danger, unwanted disclosure of data that involves a
computer and a computer network.
For example: a
personal computer connected to the Internet without protection may be affected
with malicious foteare within a minute
Cyber law: Cyber law is a term that encapsulates the legal issues
related to use of communicative, transactional and distributive aspect of
network information devices and technology. Hence it is related to the practice
of law either in relation to or through the use of the Internet.
Cyber law deals with Internet hacking, pornography, cyber-stalking,
cyber scams, online fraud, and software piracy and much more.
In many countries, Cyber law exists in the name of Information
Technology Law (IT Law). It is a set of recent legal enactments, which governs
the process and dissemination of information digitally.
Information technology (IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications
equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate
data, often in the context of a business or other
enterprise. IT is considered a subset of information and communications
technology (ICT).
It also encompasses other information distribution
technologies such as television and telephones. Several industries are associated with information technology, including
computer hardware, software, electronics,
semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment,
engineering, healthcare, e-commerce and computer services.
Advantages of IT
·
Increases
production and saves time:
Business use technology to automate tasks. A good example is a bakery
which uses automated temperature sensors to detect any drop or increase in room
temperature in a bakery. These censors will send information directly to the
operator and report any temperature change. This saves the bakery time and it
also results into quality products.
·
Improves
communication through communication technology: With the help of communication technology
tools like phones, video conferencing, electronic mail, databases just to
mention but a few. Movement of information within an organization or business
has become easy and first. Employees can easily move information across
departments without having any interruptions. Tools like electronic mail,
e-fax, mobile phones and text messaging enhance the movement of information
among employees, customers and business partners or suppliers.
·
Improves
data storage and file management: Businesses use cloud hosting services to store and backup
business data. Also it saves on paper work and makes transfer and access of
data remote. With services like ‘’Dropbox.com’’, business owners can
access their data any time anywhere. Information and data are very important
tools for a business, so it is very essential to store them safely and also
access them at any time of need.
·
Improves
financial management:
Accounting software like Quick Books, Bookkeeper, Sage 50, and
Account Edge can be used in performing various accounting tasks in a business.
Business owners can easily balance their books with less experience in
accounting because this software’s are well equipped with every tool needed in
accounting and they also have a help section which can be referred to in case a
user is stuck.
·
Cuts
costs of operation and increases on RIO – Communication technology and social technology have made
business promotion and product launch affordable. Many small businesses have
found ways to use social technology to increase on their brand awareness and
get more clients at a minimal cost. In business, factors like cost of operation
play a big role in the development and growth of that business. So when
businesses use information technology to cut down on costs of operation, then
their ROI will increase which will result into business growth.
·
Improves
business to consumer relationship – Businesses have embraced the social technology to interact with
their consumers and fans. This creates a strong business to consumer
relationship and it results into business growth and expansion. Information
technology can be used to improve customer service in so many ways. For
example, businesses can use internet to inform their customers about great
deals and discounts, this makes customers feel special and it can drive their
desire to buy. A good customer service can be used as a great tool by any small
business to gain competitive advantage.
·
Improves
on business competitive advantage: Companies have used technology to gain competitive advantage
over their competitors. A business will improve on its technology and
improve on its services and products which will make its customers happy, this
will turn these happy customers loyal to that business and also invite more
friends to use that service or product.
Disadvantages
·
Implementation
Expenses: Small
businesses fail to afford this expensive technology so they end up losing their
clients to a business which has improved its technology and provides a better
service or product.
·
Job
Elimination: Technology
has replaced most positions which humans used to occupy. Accounting is now
being done by software, so accountants run out of opportunities.
·
Security
Breaches: Since
businesses store their data on remote cloud servers which can be accessed with
a user name and password, they risk losing that data to wrong minded knowledge
works, hackers or viruses, which can harm the business.
·
Internet
security issues:
For the merchant to process an order online, a consumer has to provide
their financial details. Experienced hackers can use this lop hole to channel
this information and use it for their own needs.
·
Faulty
products and duplication:
In most cases auction websites have products that are not real. So a user can
bid on a shoe thinking it is original, upon delivery, they discover that the
shoe is fake and it does not resemble the picture on auction.
·
Privacy
– ecommerce websites
collect personal data using cookies to know more about us and suggest products
basing on that information. This data is collected without any notice, but with
selfish intent.
·
Over
dependence on information technology makes students less active and innovative. Students no longer take time to solve
equation and tasks, all they do is query that task in a search engine and a
solution will be provided.
·
Poor
publications online: This
exposes student’s t wrong information which results into failure of exams. Many
online publishers post content for monetary purposes, so you find that most the
content published online is not well detailed to help students and researchers.
Advantages in using information technologies:
• students using computers do not
feel that they are being watched or judged;
• a computer can analyze the
specific mistakes the student has made and can react in a different way from
the usual teacher- this leads the student not only to self correction, but also
to understanding the principles behind the correct solution;
• a computer gives individual
attention to the learner and replies immediately to questions or commands;
• the another innovation involving
self assessment consists of giving the learner the option of working mentally;
• a video can be used at every
level, both as supplementary material for language reinforcement and skills
practice;
• a video sequence used in class
makes students more ready to communicate in the target language and a classroom
more interactive;
• when using modern technologies
during foreign language classes, authentic language situations are introduced;
• multimedia helps to make use of
and stimulate one of the most important aspects of teaching – curiosity;
• using the video camera stimulates
students because it is thought-provoking, demanding, dynamic, close to real
life, creative, requires whole-body involvement ant gives responsibility to
students;
Disadvantages in using information
technologies:
• the disadvantages associated with
using computer programs in teaching language are the cost and time consumed to
prepare sufficiently calibrated item banks”.
• using ITs takes too much time;
• there are equipment failures
while using ITs;
• there are no enough equipment at
schools;
• teachers don’t know how to work
with ITs ;
We might say that the use of
Information Technologies also helps students to develop the skills they need
for their lives. Given that there are many sources from which a class can be taught,
the teacher can select the ones that fit better to the students’ needs
according to their age, level, and abilities
What is cyber-crime? Explain its effects rise in this
contemporary society
What do you mean by IT? Explain the advantages and disadvantages
of IT
What is cyber-crime? Explain its effects rise in this
contemporary society
What do you mean by IT? Explain the advantages and
disadvantages of IT
